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Rounding to significant figures
AQA GCSE Mathematics practice questions with step-by-step solutions
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EasyQuestion 1
[2 marks]Round each number to 2 significant figures:
(a) 4567
(b) 0.03842
Solution for Question 1
MediumQuestion 2
[3 marks]Round each number to 3 significant figures:
(a) 45678
(b) 0.0099876
(c) 1.0045
Solution for Question 2
HardQuestion 3
[3 marks]A number rounded to 2 significant figures is 4500.
(a) What is the smallest the original number could have been?
(b) What is the largest the original number could have been?
Solution for Question 3
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Significant figures (s.f.) count the important digits in a number, starting from the first non-zero digit. Leading zeros are never significant; they're just placeholders.
In 0.00345, there are 3 significant figures: 3, 4, and 5. The zeros before the 3 are not significant. In 3450, there are probably 3 s.f., but it's ambiguous - we can't tell if the 0 is significant or just a placeholder. Using standard form (3.45 × 10³) removes this ambiguity.
To round to n significant figures, find the first n significant digits, then look at the next digit to decide whether to round up or down. Remember to include placeholder zeros when needed: 4567 to 2 s.f. is 4600, not 46.
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